Importance of Proper Storage of Chemicals
Chemical containment tanks provide a safe and controlled environment for storing hazardous substances. They help prevent leaks, spills, or other catastrophes that could be harmful to human health and the environment. Moreover, chemical storage tanks aid in maintaining the quality of stored chemicals against sensitivity to light, temperature, and moisture. Proper storage of chemicals promotes worker safety, efficiency in industrial procedures, and compliance with regulatory measures.
In our blog today, we’ll do a deep dive into uncovering what chemical containment tanks are, examples of the best chemical storage tanks, and what to look out for when selecting one.
3 Main Questions When Talking About Chemical Storage
Three key questions stand out when talking of chemical storage:
- What is the chemical?
- What is the concentration level?
- What is the operating temperature?
Answering these helps determine the tank resin choice, tank-specific gravity design, fitting material, gasket material, and the selected bolt material. The table below shows the various types of common chemicals and their respective concentration.
|
Chemical |
Concentration |
|
Sulfuric acid |
98 |
|
Ferric chloride |
50 |
|
Sodium hypochlorite |
<16.5 |
|
Sodium hydroxide |
50 |
|
Ferric sulfate |
60 |
|
Hydrochloric acid |
37 |
|
Magnesium chloride |
30 |
|
Calcium chloride |
40 |
|
Motor oil |
100 |
|
Ethylene Glycol |
100 |
|
Urea solution |
50 |
|
Hydrogen peroxide |
50 |
What Are Chemical Tanks
Chemical storage containers are specialized containment tanks designed for static storage or transportation of chemical products in their raw or finished state. Chemical storage is complex, and there's no one-size-fits-all solution, as associated industries have varying storage needs. They come in different sizes, shapes, designs, materials, and purposes. Tank Depot also encompasses various tank add-ons and accessories for effective chemical containment.
Types of Tank Materials for Chemical Storage Tanks
Chemical tanks for sale are primarily made of different materials. A Stainless-Steel chemical tank containment is best for high-volume, high-pressure, and high-temperature applications. Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks have a structural layer with filament wound fibers and resin or chopped glass fiber and are coated with an interior chemical resin.
High density linear Polyethylene (HDLPE) chemical storage tanks are crafted through a process of heating thermoplastic resin until it becomes fluid. This plastic is then shaped, hardened, and cured to form a durable, high-density polyethylene surface.
In contrast, Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) chemical tanks are produced by introducing a catalyst to the thermoplastic during manufacturing. This catalyst transforms the material into a thermoset, resulting in a robust, high-density polyethylene tank with enhanced chemical resistance and structural integrity. Both types of tanks offer superior protection for storing various chemicals, but their distinct manufacturing processes yield different properties suitable for specific applications.
Features of Chemical Storage Tanks
Good chemical storage tanks must meet quality and quantity requirements to serve you diligently. Among the unique features that you should be looking out for include durability, safety, ease of use, and storage options (short- and long-term storage). Other aspects to demand from a chemical containment tank include:
- Compliance with industry standards
- Leak-proof
- Lightweight
- Easy installation
- Safe handling
- Corrosion resistant
- Smooth inner surface to reduce cleaning costs because of lower sludge formation
- Safe for environment
- UV-stabilized plastic body
- High-density & cross-linked polymer construction
- Weather-resistant
Types of Chemical Storage Tanks
There are various types of chemical storage tanks, distinguished by their capacity, applications, and designs. Below are some of the popular alternatives and their respective features:
Double wall tanks are the most popular when it comes to chemical containment. These are chemical storage tanks with secondary containments. Double-wall tanks reduce contamination of external matter completely. Seismic and wind restrain systems are available for tanks in sizes from 10 to 12,500 gallons, these tanks suit operations that require robust containment for chemicals like sodium hypochlorite or other hazardous materials.
These are your standard primary storage tanks available in both commercial and industrial design standards. They can be made using XLPE or HDLPE. They come in a bigger storage capacity of up to 15,000 gallons, with specific gravity choices (1.5 – 1.9), and they use UV-stabilized materials for prolonged outside tank life.
They are made of HDLPE & XLPE, and material choices are based on chemical tank application requirements. They have safe low-profile designs, with a specific gravity of up to 1.9, use UV stabilized materials, and are available in the 25 – 6025 gallons range. Their low profile suits the Department of Transportation’s requirements for transporting smaller chemical batches, and they are commonly used for utility and storage applications in road maintenance and agricultural chemical transport.
They are made of HDLPE & XLPE polyethylene with wind restraint and seismic tie-down systems available upon request. Their standard specific gravity choices are 1.5 to 1.9, are available with 30-degree, 45-degree, or 60-degree slopes, and a gallon range of 15 – 13,000 gallons. Cone bottom tanks have specific designs, including Closed Top, Open Top, Inductor, Specialty Rinse, with Stands, and with Poly Stands. Their high-capacity range makes them versatile for wastewater treatment and chemical manufacturing, especially for substances like brine or bleach where full drainage is critical to avoid residue buildup.
Chemical feed stations are compact, high-precision systems designed with HDLPE and XLPE for the accurate dosing and feeding of chemicals in industrial processes. Ranging from 30 to 440 gallons, they’re an excellent fit for chemical processing facilities and water treatment plants where controlled chemical delivery is necessary. With features like integrative piping, these feed stations streamline operations and ensure efficient, safe handling of various chemicals, including bleach and water-treatment additives.
Polypropylene storage tanks are highly resistant to corrosive chemicals and offer an affordable, lightweight solution for indoor chemical storage. Available in sizes from 2 to 50,000 gallons, these tanks are well-suited for chemical processing or storage needs, particularly in industries using less reactive chemicals. Their unique design, temperature tolerance, and resistance to common industrial chemicals make them a good choice for chemical manufacturing and storage of magnesium chloride.
Bladder tanks provide flexible, storage options and are ideal for outdoor or emergency use, with capacities ranging from 15 to 20,000 gallons. These tanks are easily portable, making them useful for on-site applications like agricultural storage, firefighting reserves, or disaster relief situations. Designed to accommodate large volumes with minimal space requirements, bladder tanks are an efficient choice for industries needing temporary, adaptable storage for water or certain chemicals.
Chemical injection systems are engineered for precision dosing using HDLPE and XLPE, available in 65 to 335-gallon capacities, and commonly used in applications where exact chemical concentration is required. These systems are especially beneficial for chemical processing and wastewater treatment facilities, allowing for reliable chemical injection directly into process streams. The precision and durability of these systems make them invaluable for controlled, small-scale chemical applications in industrial setups.
Containment basins and trays, including IBC spill pallets, outdoor storage units, and foldable frame tanks, are essential for secondary containment of up to 3,500-gallon tanks. They provide spill prevention for IBC containers and are suited for industries managing large volumes of chemicals, such as transportation departments and large-scale chemical facilities. These solutions are key for safeguarding against accidental spills and ensuring compliance with environmental safety standards.
Chemical Storage Tanks Industrial Applications
Bulk chemical storage tanks play a crucial role in various industries, providing large-capacity containment for a wide range of chemical applications. Beneath, we’ll explore the top applications for chemical storage tanks, highlighting their importance in key industrial processes.
Water Treatment
In water and wastewater treatment facilities, chemical storage tanks are essential for storing and dispensing various purification agents:
- Sodium Hypochlorite: Used as a powerful disinfectant to eliminate harmful microorganisms.
- Ferric Chloride: Employed as a coagulant to remove suspended particles and improve water clarity.
- Aluminum Sulfate: Functions as a flocculant, helping to aggregate smaller particles for easier removal.
These chemicals are critical in ensuring safe, potable water for communities and properly treated wastewater before environmental release.
Chemical Mixing and Manufacturing
Chemical storage tanks are integral to the production and storage of various chemicals:
Reaction Vessels
Large tanks serve as reaction chambers where different chemicals combine to create new compounds.
Dilution Processes
Tanks are used to mix concentrated chemicals with water or other solvents to achieve specific concentration levels for industrial use.
Batch Processing
In the manufacturing of specialty chemicals, tanks allow for precise control of reactions and storage of intermediates.
De-Icing and Dust Control Operations
Chemical storage tanks play a vital role in storing and distributing de-icing and dust control agents
Calcium Chloride
This versatile chemical is stored in large tanks for various applications
- De-icing roads and runways in cold climates
- Dust suppression in construction sites and unpaved roads
- Soil stabilization in civil engineering projects
Agricultural Applications
In agriculture, chemical storage tanks are used for:
Soil pH Management
Storing chemicals like Calcium Chloride for application to counterbalance acidic soils.
Fertilizer Storage
Holding liquid fertilizers for efficient distribution across large farming operations.
Pesticide and Herbicide Management
Safely containing these chemicals before application.
Petroleum and Petrochemical Industry
Chemical storage tanks are crucial in the petroleum sector for:
Crude Oil Storage
Large-capacity tanks for holding unrefined petroleum.
Intermediate Product Storage
Containing partially refined products during the refining process.
Finished Product Storage
Storing gasoline, diesel, and other refined petroleum products.
Food Processing Applications
In food processing, chemical storage tanks are used for:
Food-Grade Chemical Storage
Holding preservatives, flavorings, and other food additives.
Cleaning Solution Storage
Contains sanitizing and cleaning agents essential for maintaining hygiene standards.
3 Initial Steps Before Choosing Chemical Tanks
There are three crucial steps to take in the beginning before selecting the best containment tank solution for chemical storage.
1.Know The Contents Under Storage
Have you defined the type of chemical you want to store? This will help narrow down the properties of the tank, including maximum temperature, level of corrosion resistance with respect to its concentration, compatibility, ventilation needs, safety hazards, the design of the tank, and accessories required.
2.Know The Purpose
When selecting a chemical storage tank, start by clearly defining its primary purpose:
- Is it for stationary storage or transportation?
- What are your capacity requirements?
- Are there dimension restrictions (indoor or outdoor placement)?
- Are there specific codes, regulations, or restrictions you must adhere to?
Understanding these fundamental factors will guide you in choosing the most appropriate tank for your needs, ensuring compliance and efficiency in your chemical storage solution.
3.Know The Application
Next, evaluate the operational aspects of your chemical storage needs:
- How will the tank be filled?
- What method will be used for emptying the tank?
- Are there additional components that need to be installed?
- What is the operating temperature range?
These factors are crucial in determining the tank's design and material compatibility.
Based on the above considerations, you can now make an informed decision about the tank material:
- Poly chemical storage tanks are the most common choice for many applications.
- Steel and fiberglass tanks are alternatives that may be preferable for specific uses.
The material selection will influence the tank's size, cost, and overall suitability for your application. Tank Depot experts can provide recommendations on compatible materials and styles based on your specific requirements.
Best Practices for Efficient Chemical Storage
For efficient processes and overall safety in chemical storage, it is generally recommended to follow several key practices. The last thing you want as a chemical plant or factory manager is a call from your staff that there has been a tank failure of any kind. The best practices for efficient chemical storage include:
Compatibility
Ensure proper compatibility between the stored chemical and all components it may come into contact with. This includes:
- Tank material
- Gaskets and seals
- Valves and fittings
- Piping and transfer equipment
- Sensors and monitoring devices
By verifying compatibility across all elements of your storage system, you minimize the risk of chemical reactions, degradation of equipment, and potential safety hazards. Consult material compatibility charts and seek expert advice when in doubt about the suitability of any component in your chemical storage setup.
Proper labeling
All chemical storage containers should be clearly labeled indicating the name of the substance, concentration levels, handling guidelines, and any other on site needs.
Segregate
Always store incompatible chemicals separately to prevent dangerous reactions. Segregation is important to avoid the blending of incompatible chemicals or cross-contamination, which can lead to hazardous chemical reactions.
Ventilation
Implement appropriate venting systems to prevent the accumulation of potentially dangerous substances.
Use pressure/vacuum relief valves to maintain atmospheric pressure within the tank.
Consider breather vents for tanks with varying liquid levels to equalize pressure during filling and emptying. Proper ventilation also helps avoid the development of an unfavorable environment inside the tank, which could affect chemical stability or tank integrity.
Fire safety
Adhere to all required fire and safety protocols for on-site chemical storage. This includes following local regulations, industry standards, and best practices to ensure a safe storage environment and minimize risks associated with chemical handling and storage.
Training and information
It’s important to reference from relevant safety data sheets to inform your staff on the properties and handling requirements of the stored chemicals.
Audit and reviews
Implement a comprehensive inspection and maintenance program for your chemical storage tanks, including:
- Schedule routine visual inspections to check for signs of wear, corrosion, or damage.
- Perform periodic non-destructive testing (NDT) such as ultrasonic thickness measurements to assess tank integrity.
- Conduct annual internal inspections, if applicable, to evaluate coatings and internal components.
- Keep detailed records of all inspections, findings, and maintenance actions.
- Adhere to industry standards such as API 653 for above-ground storage tanks or NFPA 30 for flammable and combustible liquids.
- Review and update your inspection protocols regularly to align with evolving regulations and best practices.
Regular inspections not only ensure compliance with regulations but also extend tank lifespan, prevent costly failures, and maintain a safe operating environment.
How to Check the Compatibility of Your Chemical Storage Tanks?
Compatibility of a chemical tank is vital to ensure you get the right containment solution for your needs. This process can be done through various tests that determine different aspects relative to the tank's application. The multiple tests involved include:
- Ultrasonic test for wall thickness and impact test for structural integrity - Both done during the manufacturing process to meet Quality Assurance standards before release.
- Hydrostatic test for ASTM D1998 certification and the hoop stress compliance to test internal pressure
- Gel test for cross-linking
These chemical resistance tests, simulated stress tests, and standards and testing tests help ascertain the compatibility of a containment tank to its intended use.
Tank Depot Stocks All Types of Chemical Storage Tanks
Tank Depot is an industry leader in supplying containment tanks for all your chemical storage needs. Our stocked products are from trusted suppliers who comply with all UL, NFPA, OSHA, and EPA requirements to deliver quality and durable tanks for chemical storage. Our products are also ANSI/NSF Approved, FDA Approved, and ASTM Certified. We have tanks for multiple purposes, in different designs, and offering varying gallon capacities.
Contact Tank Depot for a detailed consultation and get a quote for your chemical storage tank.
